Great images mcart. Thanks. As I noted once earlier in this chain, the engineering here is stunning. The thing is magical—defying gravity and stress. I know the steel in the base support system is enormous but so are the stresses. It is difficult to grasp why the building doesn’t simply crunch into a heap. I’ve never seen anything close to this before. It outdoes the now invisible support system of Hudson Yards by a lot.
I’m with you. There are A-framed columns in the interior which will obviously be crucial in supporting a lot of the mass. They are connected to the truss which is connected to the outer leaning columns, so I guess that’s enough. (I hope that’s enough.) Certainly different engineering than the great pyramids.
And note that the stresses are in all four directions. The V structures have a natural tendency to spread out because of the weight above. And in the other directions the sides of the building curve creating outward pushes not normally seen in rectangular grids. I’d love to attend a panel discussion for non-engineers about how this all works.
Jeffrey_Barnhill is right, the only thing that needs to be taken from the TT document is that the tower is designed well. The peer review is just a summed up document of the major structural calculations of the fan columns, and the table top beams and girders and all the stresses that they experience through the various loads buildings must undergo testing for: live/dead, wind, and seismic loads.
The loads factored on the fan columns angling slightly in the N/S direction is minimal as the building slopes back towards the center in those directions. The E/W angling experiences more stress but the central bay of angled columns and the floor deep girder truss in the middle of the building is also taking a lot of the load. The building “works” because loads can find a way down to the foundations.
Thanks. I’d love to be able to see a diagram of the stress directions and where they track to for support. Eventually they all have to go to the foundation but that’s invisible from the surface.